The United Nations is spearheading a comprehensive initiative to implement digital identification systems across Africa, working through multiple agencies including the UNDP, UN Innovation Network, and UNESCO to enhance digital inclusion and improve access to services. This effort follows successful partnerships in countries like Kenya, where the UNDP has already established digital identity initiatives through formal agreements.
In Ethiopia, the government has launched a large-scale citizen registration project for national ID cards, designed to streamline access to healthcare, education, and financial services. The program aims to create a robust digital identity infrastructure that can support various public services, following similar models being implemented across the continent.
A parallel initiative in Eswatini has seen the Ministry of Information and Communications Technology partnering with UNDP to conduct a Digital Readiness Assessment (DRA). This assessment evaluates the country’s preparedness for digital transformation across multiple sectors and establishes a framework for implementing digital solutions, building on lessons learned from regional initiatives like ECOWAS’s digital ID roadmap development.
The DRA identified several key priority areas, including investments in connectivity and public digital infrastructure, development of digital skills training programs, enhancement of digital public services, and support for private sector digitalization. These components form the foundation of a comprehensive digital transformation strategy, supported by growing private sector involvement, as evidenced by recent investments in African digital identity solutions.
UNDP Eswatini Resident Representative Henrik Franklin emphasized the assessment’s importance: “The Digital Readiness Assessment is an invaluable and independent baseline diagnosis against which further progress can be measured moving forward. Through a collaborative approach, we aim to create a roadmap that not only builds digital infrastructure but also fosters digital skills, supports innovation, and promotes inclusivity.”
Eswatini’s Minister of ICT, Savannah Maziya, highlighted how the assessment aligns with national objectives: “The findings in this report are key to the successful realisation of the Eswatini Government Digital Transformation Strategy, as they provide fundamental insights into the digital public infrastructure foundational elements that need to be strengthened as we pave the way for integrated digital services.”
These initiatives operate within the broader context of the UN’s Global Digital Compact, which seeks to establish an open, free, and secure digital future for all. The compact addresses key aspects of digital development including inclusion, security, and governance frameworks, while acknowledging the unique challenges faced by African nations in implementing digital infrastructure.
The implementation of digital ID systems represents a key component of Africa’s digital transformation, with potential impacts across public service delivery, financial inclusion, and economic development. These programs demonstrate a coordinated approach between international organizations and national governments to establish sustainable digital infrastructure, building on successful models from countries like Kenya while adapting to local contexts and needs.
Sources: UNDP Eswatini, ReliefWeb, UN Innovation Network, Ethiopia Digital ID Portal
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